LASIK Eye Surgery and Myopia. Hyperopia, Astigmatism
If you’re tired of wearing glasses or contact lenses, you may be considering Lasik eye surgery – a procedure to correct vision problems. Before you sign up for the surgery, get a clear picture of what you can expect.
- Lasik is surgery to a very delicate part of the eye, and cannot be reversed.
- As with any surgery, there are risks and possible complications.
- Hundreds of thousands of people have had Lasik, many very successfully.
- Lasik may not give you perfect vision. The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) reports that nine out of 10 patients achieve 20/20 vision, but 20/20 does not always mean perfect vision. Detailed, precise vision may be slightly diminished.
- Even if you have Lasik to correct your distance vision, you are likely to need reading glasses around age 45.
- Lasik surgery provides lasting results for the majority of patients, but the benefits for some patients may diminish over time.
- Most insurance plans do not cover the surgery.
- You may need additional surgery – called “retreatments” – to achieve the best possible vision after Lasik.
Understanding Your Eyes
To see clearly, the cornea and the lens must bend – or refract – light rays so they focus on the retina – a layer of light-sensing cells that line the back of the eye. The retina converts the light rays into impulses that are sent to the brain, where they are recognized as images. If the light rays don’t focus on the retina, the image you see is blurry. This is called a refractive error. Glasses, contacts and refractive surgery try to reduce these errors by making light rays focus on the retina.
Refractive errors are caused by an imperfectly shaped eyeball, cornea or lens, and are of three basic types:
- Myopia – nearsightedness – only nearby objects are clear.
- Hyperopia – farsightedness – only objects far away are clear.
- Astigmatism – images are blurred, regardless of whether they are near or far away.
There’s also presbyopia – “aging eye,” a condition that usually occurs between ages 40 and 50, and that can be corrected with bifocals or reading glasses.
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